Violence in Schools Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Violence in Schools - Essay Example Whether public or private, unfortunately, the rate of violence is schools is escalating. "School violence exists along a lengthy continuum, at one end marked by minor incidents involving everyday fighting, name-calling, bullying, and minor property destruction and at the other end marked by extortion, rape, homicide, and mass murder." (Gerler and Gerler, 2004, pg. xxxii) To asses the current problem of violence in schools it is necessary to know how big the problem is. According to the Federal Bureau of Investigation the statistics for violence in schools and colleges reveals that "Of the 17,065,074 incidents reported through the NIBRS by law enforcement from 2000 to 2004, 558,219 (3.3 percent) occurred at schools." (Noonan and Vavra, 2007) The most offenders belonged to the 13 to 15 age group and the next highest number of offenders was in the 16 to 18 age group. "By looking at only those offenders for whom the age was known, offenders 18 years of age or younger were 4.5 times more likely to be involved in crime at schools than older offenders." (Noonan and Vavra, 2007) Looking at offenders according to gender it was presented that males were more likely to be offenders than females at a 3.3 ratio. In categorizing according to by race, "white offenders accounted for 71.1 percent (280,178); black offenders, 27.4 percent (107,878); and all other race s combined, less than 2 percent (6,117)." (Noonan and Vavra, 2007) Another factor important in understanding the reason why these crimes exist is to examine 'victim-to-offender relationship'. "By far, the relationship type most often reported for crime in schools was Acquaintance, with 107,533 instances occurring during the 5-year study period." (Noonan and Vavra, 2007) All of these statistics combined give us perspective into the current problem of why school violence takes place. It helps us target middle school and high school going children as the group of people who need most attention in battling this type of violence. It also reveals pertinent facts related to gender, race and relationship issues when violence is inflicted. Recently, the issue of violence in school has been getting a lot of attention from the media. The first big incident related to school violence committed by the generation Y's is Columbine where two students went around on a shooting rampage killing about 13 students and a teacher. The incident kindled a huge debate over the use of guns in America and became the inspiration for director Michael Moore documentary Bowling for Columbine. According to psychologist Arnold Lazarus violence occurs due to several reasons once of which is behavior. This aspect of his theory discusses the fact that certain kinds of behavior receive attention. "Extraordinary misbehavior, for example, often elicits significant attention from peers, from teachers and school administrators, and -in especially noteworthy cases- from the media." (Gerler and Gerler, 2004)On the other side of the coin, accomplishments in academia are sometimes not given as much importance. In other words, although school accomplishmen ts get attention they are

Use of Geographic Data in Natural Disasters Essay -- Natural Disaster

Missing Figures The use of geographic data in the field of preventing and mitigating natural disasters remains a pioneering activity. However the circulation of the technology is still hindered by many issues such as the difficulty in obtaining the appropriate raw data, the lack of effective graphical user interfaces, the intricacy of predictive models and the expense of digitisation (Carrara et al., 1999). Natural disasters are becoming more frequent around the world, as seen in figure 1, which shows that in 1975 there were approximately 50 disasters reported, compared to approximately 400 being reported in 2010. They are a damaging phenomenon upon the Earth’s citizens and the physical environment, but with the use of geographic data, natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes, cyclone s and landslides can be monitored and mapped to ensure a successful disaster response strategy can be put in place to ensure we can protect people and the environment as much as possible. The success of these strategies depends upon access to real-time spatial information that can be used effectively by the Geomatics Industry, governments, relief agencies among others to provide a quick response to the disaster areas (Herold et al., 2005). Kunkel et al. (1999) suggest that there is strong scientific evidence of an increase in extreme precipitation events in particular regions, whilst water shortages are becoming more apparent in other regions, which indicates that weather driven natural disasters will surely become more frequent, resulting in the use of Geogr... ...97) Managing the natural disasters from space technology inputs. Acta Astronautica, 40. Kunkel, K.E., Easterling, D.R., Andsager, K. (1999) Long-Term Trends in Extreme Precipitation Events over the Conterminous United States and Canada. J. Climate, 12. Li, Q. and Li, D. (1999) Proceedings of the International Symposium on Digital Earth Science Press. The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. National Research Council (1995) The global positioning system: a shared national asset : recommendations for technical improvements and enhancements. National Academy of Public Administration Raheja, N., Ojha, R. and Mallik, S. (Undated) GIS Development: Role of Internet-based GIS in effective natural disaster management. [Online] Available from: http://www.gisdevelopment.net/technology/gis/techgi0030pf.htm

Federalism, unitary and confedrate government Essay

Federalism is a governmental organization in which authority is divided between two sovereign levels of government.  ·National  ·Regional Federalism is a method of government where decision on taxes and education are shared between two political powers and are exercised on two levels of government. There are several distinguishing deference’s between federalist, unitary, and confederation government structures. Federal states may be created in one of two ways  · Separate political units may decide to join together in a political partnership.  ·An existing unitary government may choose to disperse. In a federal system, each citizen is subject to two governments: the national or federal governments and the regional, state, or local government. The courts or some other impartial body is usually given the power to interpret the conditions of the constitution concerning the political powers of each level. A single level government for the entire country characterizes a unitary state. There is also no municipal, or local government working without help of the national government unlike the federalist government. An example of a unitary government would be Sweden. Confederacy is a union in which the states alone are self-governing. The power of the central government is derived from the states. Confederation that is traditional is described as the following:  ·Structure is based on centralized command of politics  ·Confederate law is superior law  ·State borders are fixed or determined by central authority. Federalist, unitary, and confederation governing structures are distinctly different in several ways. Governments chose to run their country with different methods that work for them.

Refugee Crisis Middle Eastern Citizens - 1773 Words

Refugee Crisis Middle Eastern citizens are in the midst of the horror of the Syrian Civil War. Families are caught in the middle of the Assad Regime (causing the most deaths), Government militias, Russian Airstrikes, ISIS, anti-ISIS, and armed opposition groups. These groups have broken families apart, left cities destroyed and over 80,000 people dead. As a result, over 4 million people continue to flee the area to attempt to enter safer countries as refugees. Citizens are trapped in their homes for weeks at a time due to the violence that encases their home towns. Mostly due to the Regime, citizens are being killed, taken away from their families, recruited, or destroyed along with their cities. These people hope to find safety in various countries. The people that manage to escape face many hardships, which includes the long trip ahead, being caught by the Regime, and being admitted into the country. Lots of refugees are in need of food, water and medical assistance as they attempt to conquer the journey to a new and safe life. Those who aren t caught trying to escape and make to a surrounding country face the challenge of being accepted as refugee. They must be granted refugee statuses and visas in order to work, live and not be acceptable for arrest. Financial support is limited and trying to find work is difficult for refugees. The reason is, we, the United States, have no way of background checking the refugees that come into our country. They can be scanned theShow MoreRelatedThe Violence And Death Reign Supreme1177 Words   |  5 Pagesplace where citizens are victim to brutal killings and the wrath of extremist groups. This place is Syria. Six years ago, the Syrian civil war began. 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In the lead up to what eventually would become known as the Holocaust, the main target of the Nazis Final Solution which was the mass persecution and extermination of the Jewish population in Europe. The current situation with many parallels to the humanitarian crisis during WWII, we again are faced with a refugee crisis requiring domestic and international action. On many occasions Jewish refugeesRead MoreU.s. National Security Strategy Essay1562 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Climate change is an urgent and growing threat to our national security, contributing to increased natural disasters, refugee flows, and conflicts over basic resources like food and water.† These words from the U.S. National Security Strategy show the United States is moving forward on addressing the challenges posed by climate change. The Department of Defense published the 2014 Climate Change Adaption roadmap establishing three overarching goals and four lines of effort to guide geographic